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FRM Part II · FRM Exam Part II · Liquidity Risk

A bank's market risk team compares standard 99% VaR with LVaR for its portfolio during a market stress episode in which bid-ask spreads widen sharply and trading volumes fall. Which outcome is most likely?

The gap between LVaR and VaR widens. LVaR adds a liquidity cost based on bid-ask spreads to ordinary VaR, so when spreads widen and volumes fall in stress, the add-on rises and LVaR moves further above standard VaR.

  1. ALVaR falls relative to VaR because volatility declines when volumes fall
  2. BLVaR and VaR remain equal because liquidity cost is not a market risk
  3. CThe gap between LVaR and VaR widens because the liquidity cost component increasesCorrect
  4. DLVaR falls because wider spreads increase the mid-price

Explanation

LVaR equals VaR plus a liquidity cost that rises with spreads. Wider spreads and lower volumes raise the add-on, so the gap grows. Spreads do not raise the mid-price, and liquidity cost is part of LVaR by construction.

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