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CFA Level I · CFA Level I Exam · Portfolio Management: An Overview

A client has a high willingness to take risk but a low ability to take risk because of large near-term spending obligations. The adviser should most likely set the overall risk tolerance in the IPS as:

The overall risk tolerance should be set below average, following the lower of ability and willingness. When the two conflict, the more conservative measure governs, because a client who cannot afford losses should not take high risk even if psychologically comfortable with it.

  1. Ahigh, because willingness reflects the client's preferences
  2. Bbelow average, because the lower of the two dominatesCorrect
  3. Caverage, because the two measures should be averaged

Explanation

When ability and willingness conflict, the more conservative of the two generally governs overall risk tolerance. A client unable to bear losses should not be exposed to high risk simply because they are willing. Averaging is not the standard approach.

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