CA Foundation · Business Economics · Indian Economy
India's labour force participation rate has been a concern for policymakers, particularly among women. Which of the following is a structural reason for lower female labour force participation in India?
Lower female labour force participation in India reflects structural barriers including entrenched social norms about women's domestic roles, inadequate childcare infrastructure, and limited access to education and mobility in certain regions, rather than individual preferences or wage issues alone.
- AHigh levels of female outmigration to developed countries
- BLow wages offered only to women in rural areas
- CSocial norms regarding domestic responsibilities and limited access to childcare infrastructureCorrect
- DExcess demand for skilled female workers in the manufacturing sector
Explanation
Female labour force participation in India is constrained by cultural norms prioritising domestic roles, insufficient childcare facilities, and limited mobility in some regions. Option 1 is negligible compared to domestic factors. Option 3 (low wages for women only) misrepresents the issue—the problem is limited access to jobs. Option 4 contradicts empirical evidence of weak demand for female labour in formal sectors.
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