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CS Professional · Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics and Cyber Security - Laws and Practice · Computer Hardware and Software

Under the Information Technology Act, 2000, tampering with computer source code is an offence when the code is required to be kept or maintained by law. Which hardware-linked item would a firm most appropriately treat as the permanent firmware stored on a non-volatile chip that boots the machine?

BIOS or UEFI firmware is stored in non-volatile ROM or flash memory and boots the computer. RAM, browser cache and print buffers hold temporary data and are not permanent boot firmware.

  1. ABIOS/UEFI stored in ROM or flash memoryCorrect
  2. BTemporary files in RAM
  3. CBrowser cache on the hard disk
  4. DPrint queue in the output buffer

Explanation

Firmware that starts the computer, such as BIOS or UEFI, resides in non-volatile ROM or flash memory. RAM contents and temporary buffers are lost without power, and browser cache is ordinary user data, not boot firmware.

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