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CS Executive · Jurisprudence, Interpretation and General Laws · Constitution of India

A Constitution Amendment Bill seeks to change the provisions relating to the representation of States in Parliament. Which procedure must be followed for it to be validly passed?

Such a federal-feature amendment requires a special majority in each House of Parliament and then ratification by the legislatures of at least half of the States, after which the President gives assent. Simple majority or unanimous State ratification is not the prescribed procedure.

  1. ASimple majority of the members present and voting in each House only
  2. BSpecial majority in each House, followed by ratification by legislatures of not less than one-half of the States, before Presidential assentCorrect
  3. CSpecial majority in each House, followed by ratification by all State legislatures
  4. DApproval in a joint sitting of both Houses by a simple majority

Explanation

Amendments to federal features, such as representation of States in Parliament, need the special majority in each House under Article 368 and ratification by legislatures of at least half of the States before assent. A simple majority is enough only for amendments outside Article 368, such as creating new States. Ratification by all States is not required.

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