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CS Professional · Labour Laws and Practice · Constitution and Labour Laws

Ramesh, a contractor, engages migrant workers at a brick kiln in Uttar Pradesh from Odisha and makes them work against advances without paying them any wages, so they cannot leave. Which constitutional provision is most directly violated?

Article 23 is violated. It prohibits traffic in human beings, begar and other forms of forced labour, including work extracted without wages under economic compulsion such as debt bondage. The other articles protect different rights, such as association, education and equality, and are not the specific provision.

  1. AArticle 23, which prohibits traffic in human beings and forced labourCorrect
  2. BArticle 21A, which provides the right to education
  3. CArticle 19(1)(c), which gives the right to form associations
  4. DArticle 14, which guarantees equality before the law

Explanation

Article 23 prohibits begar and other similar forms of forced labour, and it covers work extracted under economic compulsion, such as bonded labour against advances without wages. Article 19(1)(c) concerns the right to form unions, which is not the issue here. Article 14 is general equality and is not the specific prohibition.

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