CA Foundation · Quantitative Aptitude · Probability
Two fair dice are rolled. Given that the sum of the numbers is 8, what is the probability that both dice show the same number?
The probability is 1/5. There are five equally likely outcomes with sum 8, namely (2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3) and (6,2), and only (4,4) shows the same number on both dice.
- A1/5Correct
- B1/6
- C5/36
- D1/36
Explanation
Sum 8 can occur in 5 ways: (2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3), (6,2). Only (4,4) has equal numbers. So the probability is 1/5. The option 5/36 is just P(sum = 8), and 1/36 is the unconditional probability of (4,4).
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