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A research team prepares a timeline of Indian CSR guidelines and regulation. Which chronological order, earliest to latest, is correct?

The correct order is the MCA Voluntary Guidelines in 2009, the National Voluntary Guidelines in 2011, SEBI's business responsibility reporting requirement in 2012, and the Companies Act, 2013 CSR provisions effective April 2014. This shows the move from voluntary guidance to disclosure and then statutory obligation.

  1. ANational Voluntary Guidelines (2011); MCA Voluntary Guidelines (2009); SEBI Business Responsibility Report requirement (2012); CSR provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 coming into force (April 2014)
  2. BMCA Voluntary Guidelines (2009); SEBI Business Responsibility Report requirement (2012); National Voluntary Guidelines (2011); CSR provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 coming into force (April 2014)
  3. CMCA Voluntary Guidelines (2009); National Voluntary Guidelines (2011); SEBI Business Responsibility Report requirement (2012); CSR provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 coming into force (April 2014)Correct
  4. DMCA Voluntary Guidelines (2009); National Voluntary Guidelines (2011); CSR provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 coming into force (April 2014); SEBI Business Responsibility Report requirement (2012)

Explanation

The MCA issued voluntary guidelines in 2009 and the National Voluntary Guidelines in 2011. SEBI then required business responsibility reporting in 2012, and the Companies Act, 2013 CSR provisions took effect from 1 April 2014. The other options swap 2009 and 2011, or place SEBI's 2012 requirement wrongly.

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