CMA Foundation · Fundamentals of Business Economics and Management · Leadership and Motivation - Concepts and Theories
According to Vroom's expectancy theory, motivational force is determined by which combination of factors?
Vroom's expectancy theory says motivational force depends on expectancy, instrumentality and valence. Expectancy is belief that effort yields performance, instrumentality is belief that performance yields rewards, and valence is the value placed on the reward. The other combinations belong to Herzberg, Alderfer and McClelland.
- AHygiene factors, motivators and job security
- BExpectancy, instrumentality and valenceCorrect
- CExistence, relatedness and growth needs
- DNeed for achievement, power and affiliation
Explanation
Vroom's model states that motivation (force) arises from expectancy (effort leads to performance), instrumentality (performance leads to reward) and valence (value of the reward). Option A mixes in Herzberg's ideas, option C is Alderfer's ERG theory, and option D is McClelland's theory.
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