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CMA Foundation · Fundamentals of Business Mathematics and Statistics · Permutation and Combinations

A Mumbai firm sells a product in 4 packaging styles and ships it through 3 courier partners. Each shipment must use exactly one style and one courier. How many different shipping arrangements are possible?

There are 12 arrangements. A shipment needs one packaging style and one courier together, so the independent choices multiply: 4 styles times 3 couriers gives 12. Adding them to get 7 would apply to alternatives, not to combined choices.

  1. A7
  2. B12Correct
  3. C16
  4. D24

Explanation

By the multiplication principle, the choices are made one after another, so total = 4 × 3 = 12. Adding (4 + 3 = 7) is wrong because both choices must be made together, not either/or.

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