ACCA Applied Knowledge · Business and Technology · Motivating individuals and teams
According to Vroom's expectancy theory, motivation is strongest when which combination of factors is present?
Motivation is strongest when expectancy, instrumentality and valence are all high. Vroom's theory multiplies the three factors, so if any one is zero or very low, the motivational force collapses, however strong the other two factors are.
- AHigh expectancy, high instrumentality and high valenceCorrect
- BHigh expectancy, low instrumentality and high valence
- CLow expectancy, high instrumentality and high valence
- DHigh expectancy, high instrumentality and zero valence
Explanation
Vroom's model is multiplicative: motivation = expectancy x instrumentality x valence. If any one factor is low or zero, the overall motivational force is low or zero. Only the option with all three high gives strong motivation.
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