CS Professional · June 2026 · Paper 2
CS Professional Drafting, Pleadings and Appearances June 2026: paper analysis
Our own analysis of the official paper, as of 12 October 2026. The questions and answers belong to ICSI; read them on ICSI's website.
Chapter-wise marks
Where the marks were in this paper (out of 100; internal-choice alternatives not double counted).
What each question tested
In our words, by question number. Open the official paper for the full question.
| Q | Marks | Tests | Chapter |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1(a) | 5 | Enforceability of confidentiality and non-compete clauses in a collaboration arrangement, including restraint of trade under the Contract Act | Laws relating to Drafting and Conveyancing |
| 1(b) | 5 | Agreement versus contract versus deed, and tests for whether a memorandum of understanding is legally binding | Types of Documents |
| 1(c) | 5 | Principles of clarity, precision and consistency in drafting and their role in avoiding interpretation disputes | General Principles of Drafting |
| 1(d) | 5 | Structuring joint ventures and key clauses of a joint venture agreement | Drafting of Commercial Contracts |
| 1(e) | 5 | Foreign collaboration agreement versus joint venture agreement and essential clauses of a collaboration agreement | Drafting of Commercial Contracts |
| 2(a)(i) | 5 | Protective clauses for a buyer in a share purchase agreement such as indemnity, conditions precedent and disclosure schedules | Drafting of Commercial Contracts |
| 2(a)(ii) | 5 | Role of representations and warranties in acquisition agreements for risk allocation and post-closing remedies | Drafting of Commercial Contracts |
| 2(b) | 5 | Societies versus companies, registration authority, and points for drafting society memorandum and bye-laws | Drafting of Agreements, Deeds and Documents |
| 3(a) | 5 | Legal recognition and enforceability of click-wrap and browse-wrap electronic contracts in India | Drafting of Commercial Contracts |
| 3(b) | 5 | Key steps in negotiating commercial and operational terms with vendors | Commercial Contract Management |
| 3(c) | 5 | Identifying types of mortgage under the Transfer of Property Act from given scenarios | Laws relating to Drafting and Conveyancing |
| 4(a)(i) | 5 | Lease versus licence and the legal consequences of each arrangement | Laws relating to Drafting and Conveyancing |
| 4(a)(ii) | 5 | Judicial tests to determine whether an arrangement is a lease or a licence irrespective of its label | Laws relating to Drafting and Conveyancing |
| 4(b) | 5 | Endorsement on a deed versus supplemental deed and their liability to stamp duty | Drafting of Agreements, Deeds and Documents |
| 4A(i)(a) | 5 | Objectives and important clauses of an equipment supply and installation agreement | Drafting of Commercial Contracts |
| 4A(i)(b) | 5 | Clauses protecting parties in large infrastructure supply contracts | Drafting of Commercial Contracts |
| 4A(ii) | 5 | Exceptions and reservations clause in a deed and protection of a buyer under an agreement for sale | Drafting of Agreements, Deeds and Documents |
| 5(a) | 5 | Legal and representation strategy before NCLT in a creditor-initiated insolvency process | Applications, Petitions and Appeals under Companies Act, 2013 |
| 5(b) | 5 | Key elements of a settlement application before SEBI under the settlement regulations | Adjudications and Appeals under SEBI Laws |
| 5(c) | 5 | Components and significance of an authorisation to appear before the Competition Commission | Appearance before other Regulatory and Quasi-judicial Authorities |
| 6(a)(i) | 5 | Remedies available to a whole-time director removed without due process | Applications, Petitions and Appeals under Companies Act, 2013 |
| 6(a)(ii) | 5 | Corporate democracy principle on removal of directors and the special notice requirement, with case law | Applications, Petitions and Appeals under Companies Act, 2013 |
| 6(b) | 5 | Drafting a written statement raising multiple and alternative defences such as limitation and jurisdiction | Pleadings |
| 6A(i)(a) | 5 | Assessing a contractor claim for wrongful termination and remedies available to the employer | Pleadings |
| 6A(i)(b) | 5 | Drafting an affidavit-in-evidence for a civil suit | Pleadings |
| 6A(ii) | 5 | Role and professional responsibilities of a Company Secretary appearing before regulatory and quasi-judicial authorities | Appearance before other Regulatory and Quasi-judicial Authorities |
What stood out
- Part I (Q1 to Q4, 70 marks) covered drafting and conveyancing; Part II (Q5 and Q6, 30 marks) covered appearances and pleadings; choices offered in Q4/Q4A and Q6/Q6A.
- Q1 was a 25-mark integrated case on enforceability of a collaboration arrangement, making it the single largest block.
- Drafting of Commercial Contracts dominated with 25 marks on the compulsory path and a further 10 marks in alternative 4A.
- Property and contract law drafting (mortgage types, lease versus licence, restraint clauses) drew 20 marks under Laws relating to Drafting and Conveyancing.
- Q5 tested representation across three forums (NCLT, SEBI settlement, CCI) for 15 marks; half the paper (50 marks) was case-based.
Practise the chapters that carried the marks
Drafting of Commercial Contracts, Laws relating to Drafting and Conveyancing, Drafting of Agreements, Deeds and Documents: study guides and practice questions in the CS Professional format.