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CMA Intermediate · Operations Management and Strategic Management · Productivity Management and Quality Management

A cause-and-effect (Ishikawa or fishbone) diagram used in a bottling unit to analyse leakage of caps is primarily meant to:

A fishbone diagram organises possible causes of a problem, such as cap leakage, under categories like man, machine, material and method. It supports structured brainstorming for root causes and does not rank defects, track control limits or measure correlation.

  1. AShow the cumulative frequency of defects ranked by size
  2. BTest whether process output stays within control limits over time
  3. COrganise possible causes of the problem under categories such as man, machine, material and methodCorrect
  4. DPlot the correlation coefficient between two measured variables

Explanation

The fishbone diagram places the problem at the head and groups potential causes into branches like man, machine, material, method, measurement and environment, supporting brainstorming of root causes. Ranking defects is Pareto, control limits belong to control charts, and correlation belongs to scatter diagrams.

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